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Photo | Name / Born Death | Book's | Specialist Area | ||||||
| Adam Smith | The Theory of Moral Sentiments (1759) An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations, commonly known as The Wealth of Nations (1776) | He is widely acknowledged as the father of economics Free trade. Laizy's Fair Police | ||||||
| Adolph H.G. Wagner, (1835-1917). | Marshall's Principles of Economics | The German Historical School | ||||||
| Alexander stow (8 April 1885- 30 june 1963) | 1933 Emigration in die Trkei. Nach dem Krieg Gastprofessor (1949) Ordinarius (1950) der Wirtschafts | Lord o-libralisme et de l'conomie sociale de march | ||||||
| Alfred Marshall (born 26 July 1842 in Bermondsey, London, England, died 13 July 1924 in Cambridge, England) | The Principles of Economics (1890)
| supply and demand, of marginal utility and of the costs of production Newo Classical Economists | ||||||
| Amartya Kumar Sen (born November 3, 1933) | Recent works: | Indian economist, philosopher, (Nobel Prize for Economics) in 1998 | ||||||
| Anne Robert Jacques Turgot (10 May 1727 – 18 March 1781) | Works by A. R. J. Turgot Ecrits économiques, ed. Bernard Cazes 1970). Réflexions sur la formation et la distribution des richesses (1766). Mémoire sur les prêts d'argent (1770). Lettres sur le commerce des grains, adressées au contrôleur-général (1770). Eloge de Gournay (1759). Articles from the Encylopédie (1757). "The 6 Edicts" (February 1776). Second discours en Sorbonne. Sur le progrès successif de l'esprit humain (1750 Lettres sur la tolérance (1753). | French economist and statesman. | ||||||
| Antoine Augustin Cournot (28 August 1801- 31 March 1877) | Mémoire sur les applications du calcul des chances à la statistique judiciaire 1838, Researches into the Mathematical Principles of the Theory of Wealth 1838 Traité élémentaire de la théorie des fonctions et du calcul infinitésimal, 1841. Exposition de la théorie des chances et des probabilités, 1843. De l'origine et des limites de la correspondence entre l'algèbre et la géométrie, 1847. Essai sur les fondements de nos connaissances et sur les caractères de la critique philosophique, 2 vols., 1851 Traité de l'enchainement des idées fondamentales dans les sciences et dans l'histoire, 1861. Principes de la théorie des richesses, 1863. Les institutions d'instruction publiques en France, 1864. Considérations sur la marche des ideées et des événements dans les temps modernes, 2 vols., 1872. Materialisme, vitalisme, rationalisme: Études des données de las science en philosophie, 1875. Revue sommaire des doctrines économiques, 1877. A. A. Cournot, Oeuvres Complètes. 5 vols., 1973. Traité d'astronomie, by Sir John F.-W. Herschel, 1834. Eléments de Méchanique, by Dionysius Lardner, 1835. | French economist, philosopher and mathematician. | ||||||
| Antoine de Montchrétien (1575s-1621) | Principles of Political Economy ( 1615) | France Mercantilist | ||||||
| Aristotle (384 BC – 322 BC) | The Politics Ethics | Greek philosopher, a student of Plato and teacher of Alexander the Great. “Human is Naturally Political Animal” | ||||||
| Arrya bhatt 3rd Century BC. | Invented ZERO | Indian economist, philosopher and mathematician. | ||||||
| Arthur Cecil Pigou (November 18, 1877 – March 7, 1959) | Browning as a Religious Teacher, 1901. The Riddle of the Tariff, 1903. "Monopoly and Consumers' Surplus", 1904, EJ. Industrial Peace, 1905. Import Duties, 1906. "Review of the Fifth Edition of Marshall's Principles of Economics", 1907, EJ. "Producers' and Consumers' Surplus", 1910, EJ. Wealth and Welfare, 1912. Unemployment, 1914. "The Value of Money", 1917, QJE. The Economics of Welfare, 1920. "Empty Economic Boxes: A reply", 1922, EJ. The Political Economy of War, 1922. "Exchange Value of Legal Tender Money", 1922, in: Essays in Applied Economics. Essays in Applied Economics, 1923. Industrial Fluctuations, 1927. "The Law of Diminishing and Increasing Cost", 1927, EJ. A Study in Public Finance, 1928. "An Analysis of Supply", 1928, EJ. The Theory of Unemployment, 1933. The Economics of Stationary States, 1935. "Mr. J.M. Keynes's General Theory", 1936, Economica. "Real and Money Wage Rates in Relation to Unemployment", 1937, EJ. "Money Wages in Relation to Unemployment", 1938, EJ. Employment and Equilibrium, 1941. "The Classical Stationary State", 1943, EJ. Lapses from Full Employment, 1944. "Economic Progress in a Stable Environment", 1947, Economica. The Veil of Money, 1949. Keynes's General Theory: A retrospective view, 1951. Essays in Economics, 1952 | English economist. As a teacher and builder of the school of economics at Cambridge University Welfare Economists | ||||||
| Atharva veda. | Indian Veda’s | India’s Spiritual Economic book | ||||||
| Augustas Walras 1801-1866. | Obra De la nature de la richesse, et de l'origine de la valeur (Evreux, 1831) Theorie de la richesse sociale; ou résumé des príncipes lundamentaux de l'économie politique (París, 1849) Esquisse d'une théorie de la richesse (pau, 1863). | French Economists | ||||||
| Auguste Comte (1798-1857). | The Course of Positive Philosophy, 1896 System of Positive Polity, 1875-77 A General View of Positivism (1957) Synthèse subjective (1856 ) Testament (1884)) | French philosopher, founder of the school of philosophy known as positivism | ||||||
| Beatrice Webb (1858-1943). | Soviet Communism: A New Civilisation" (1935). The Webbs retired to their home in Hampshire in 1928. Beatrice Webb produced two volumes of autobiography: "My Apprenticeship" (1926) "Our Partnership" (1948) | Social reformer and Fabian | ||||||
| Bodin, Jean, (1530-1596.) | Six livres de la république (1576; La Demonomanie des sorciers (1580) Heptaplomeres (1588) | The French political philosopher | ||||||
| Bruno Hildebrand (1812-1878.) | "Xenophontis et Aristotelis de occonomia publica doctrinae illustratae" (1845) | Historian School | ||||||
| C. R. Rao ( 1920) | Inauguration of ISI Campus at Delhi, 1972. | Former Director of Indian Statistical Institute Statistician. | ||||||
| Carl Menger (1840-1921). | Problems of Economics and Sociology (1883) | Austrian economist, a founder of the Austrian school of economics | ||||||
| Charles Poor Charlie Kindleberger (October 12, 1910 – July 7, 2003) | Manias, Panics, and Crashes: A History of Financial Crises World Economic Primacy: 1500 - 1990 (Oxford University Press, 1996) "The Benefits of International Money." Journal of International Economics 2 (Nov. 1972): 425-442. American Business Abroad (New Haven, London, 1969) Europe's Postwar Growth. The Role of Labor Supply (Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1967) Europa and the Dollar (Cambridge, Massachusetts, London, 1966) Foreign Trade and the National Economy (Yale, 1962) International Economics (Irwin, 1958) Economic Development (New York, 1958) | Historical economist and author of over 30 books | ||||||
| Charles Rist (1874-1955). | La deflation en pratique (1923) Histoire des doctrines relatives au credit et la monnaie (1938 ) Precis des mecanisme economique elementaires. (1946) | Profesor de economie politica la Universitatea Montpellier, Paris, 1913-1933. 1915 (1948) Istoria doctrinelor economice | ||||||
| Claude Frédéric Bastiat (1801- 1850). | The Influence of English and French Tariffs," in the October 1844 Capital Theory The Science of Human Action | French and Marginalist | ||||||
| Dadabhai Naoroji (1815-1906.) | Poverty and Un- British Rule in India ( 1901) | Indian Economists He Called as India’s Very Old (Big) Man He is first Surveyor of India’s National Income Accounting | ||||||
| David Hume (1711-1776). | A Treatise of Human Nature History of England (1754-62) A Natural History of Religion and An Enquiry Concerning the Principles of Morals. | Skepticism | ||||||
| David Ricardo (April 19-1772.-1823) | labour theory of value Corn Laws. Principles of Political Economy and Taxation (1817)
| British economist founder of political economy | ||||||
| Dharma and Neethi Shastras | Hindu Rule's and Economic Thoughts | India’s Economic's & Holy Books | ||||||
| Eduard Bernstein (Jan. 6, 1850-1932) | The Dilemma of Democratic Socialism, (1952) | German socialist. 1872 he was actively associated with the Social Democratic party | ||||||
| Edward Reynolds Pease (23 Dece 1857 - 5 Jan 1955) | The History of the Fabian Society (1916). | English writer and a founding member of the Fabian Society | ||||||
| Elton Mayo (1880-1949) | Humanist temper American social science and business management theory | Founder of the Human Relations Movement., | ||||||
| Eugen von Böhm-Bawerk ( 1851-1914). | Capital and Interest (2 parts, 1884-89) Positive Theory of Capital (1889) | Austrian economist. | ||||||
| Ferdinand Lassalle, (1825-1864.) | Gesammelte Reden und Schriften, (1920) | German socialist | ||||||
| Francis Hutcheson (1694-1746). | An Inquiry into the Original of Our Ideas of Beauty and Virtue (1725) An Essay on the Nature and Conduct of the Passions and Affections, with Illustrations on the Moral Sense (1728) Benevolent theory of morals | British philosopher | ||||||
| Francis Ysidro Edgeworth (1845-1926) | Mathematical Psychics (1881) He developed the indifference and contract curves, which are part of statistical method. Much of his writing was collected in Papers Relating to Political Economy (3 vol., 1925) | British economist | ||||||
| François Marie Charles Fourier (1772-1837) | Théorie des quatre mouvements (1808) | French social philosopher | ||||||
| François Quesnay (1694-1774) | Farmers(1756) Economic Table (1758) Grains | French economist, founder of the physiocratic school | ||||||
| Frank H. Knight (1885-1972) | Risk, Uncertainty and Profit (1921) | American economist | ||||||
| Franklin Delano Roosevelt (1882-1945) | Roosevelt's letters (4 vol., 1947-50) | American economist | ||||||
| Frederick Douglass, (1818 – 20 Feb 1895 ) | In 1870 Douglass and his sons began publishing the New National Era newspaper in Washington, D.C. In 1877 | American abolitionist, editor, orator, author, statesman and reformer | ||||||
| Frederick Winslow Taylor (1856-1915) | The Principles of Scientific Management (1911) Shop Management (1911) | American industrial engineer He was called the father of scientific management | ||||||
| Friedrich August von Hayek (1899-1992) | The Road to Serfdom (1944) | British economist He was awarded the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences in 1974. | ||||||
| Friedrich Engels (1820-1895) | Communist Manifesto (1848) The Holy Family was a book written by Marx & Engels in November 1844. The Condition of the Working Class in England in 1844 third volumes of Das Kapital after Marx's death. | German socialist; with Karl Marx German social scientist and philosopher, who developed communist theory alongside his better-known collaborator, Karl Marx | ||||||
| Friedrich List (1789-1846) | Sistema Natural de la Economía Política. (1837) The National System of Political Economy (1840, tr. 1904) | German economist. The first professor of economics at the Univ. of Tübingen | ||||||
| Friedrich von Wieser (1851-1926) | Natural Value Social Economics, (1927) | Austrian economist and sociologist | ||||||
| G. Udny Yule (1871-1951) | Introduction to the Theory of Statistics (1910) On the time-correlation problem” (1921) Time-series?” (1926) correlation and regression 1900 he developed a parallel theory of association for attributes | Statistician | ||||||
| George Bernard Shaw (26 July 1856 – 2 November 1950) | Dramatic Review (1885–86) Our Corner (1885–86) Cashel Byron's Profession (1882) Unsocial Socialist(1883) The Irrational Knot(1880) The Black Girl in Search of God and Some Lesser Tales, | Playwright, critic, political activist Nobel Prize for Literature (1925) Oscar (1938) | ||||||
| George Joseph Stigler (1911-1991) | Dr. Stigler, a free-market economist, was known both for his skepticism in the competence of governments to deal with economic matters, and for his lucidity and wit in presenting his evidence. | Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences in 1982. President of the American Economics Association who was the 1982 | ||||||
| George Sorel (1847-1922) | Introduction á l'économie moderne (1903) Matérlaux pour une théorie du prolétariat (1919) | Economists | ||||||
| Georgi Walentinowitsch Plechanow ( 1856-1918) | Politicheskoi literatury | Russian Economists | ||||||
| Gopal Krishna Gokhale (1866-1915) | Gokale is Plotical Teacher of Gandhi | Indian Economists and Free Fighter | ||||||
| Gustav Schmoller (1838–1917). | On the History of German Small Industry in the 19th Century, 1870. "The Idea of Justice in Political Economy", 1881 The Mercantile System and its Historical Significance, 1897. Outline of General Economic History , two volumes, 1900/1904 "On Class Conflict in General", 1914 | German Historicism | ||||||
| Herbert George Wells(21 September 1866 – 13 August 1946) | Ann Veronica The First Men in the Moon The Food of the Gods and How It Came to Earth The History of Mr Polly The Invisible Man The Island of Dr Moreau Kipps · Love and Mr Lewisham Men Like Gods · The Shape of Things to Come The Sleeper Awakes Star-Begotten The Time Machine Tono-Bungay The War in the Air The War of the Worlds The Wheels of Chance The World Set Free In the Days of the Comet | English writer most famous today for the science fiction novels: The Time Machine, The Island of Doctor Moreau, The Invisible Man, The War of the Worlds, When the Sleeper Wakes, The First Men in the Moon. | ||||||
| Henry C. Simons (1889-1946) | "The Requisites of Free Competition", 1936 "Some Reflections on Syndicalism", 1944 Economic Policy for a Free Society, 1948. "For a Free Market Liberalism", 1941 "Economic Stability and Antitrust Policy", 1944 | Economists A student of Frank H. Knight, | ||||||
| Henry Charles Carey (1793-1879) | Principles of Political Economy Principles of Social Science | American economist | ||||||
| Herbert Spencer (1820-1903) | In First Principles (1862) In The Principles of Biology The Principles of Psychology (1855; rev. ed., 2 vol., 1870-72) In The Principles of Sociology (3 vol., 1876-96) In The Principles of Ethics (2 vol., 1879-93) | English philosopher | ||||||
| Hermann Heinrich Gossen (1810-1858) | Development of the laws of human intercourse and their resulting rules for human behavior] (1854) Theory of marginal utility | German economist | ||||||
| Hirofumi Uzawa (1928). | Social and ethical aspects of economics (1991) | Japanese Economists | ||||||
| Irving Fisher (1867-1947) | Theory of Value and Prices (1892), Appreciation and Interest (1896), The Nature of Capital and Income (1906), The Rate of Interest (1907), The Making of Index Numbers (1922), Theory of Interest (1930). | American economist His earliest work was in mathematics, and he made a distinguished contribution to mathematical economic theory | ||||||
| Jakob Mauvillon (1743-1794) | Staatswirtschatt und neueste Staatengeschichte (2 vols. 1876-77) Y Physiokratische Briete an den Herrn Prolessor Dohm | German Economists | ||||||
| James Mill (1773–1836) | On the strength of his History of British India (3 vol., 1817) Elements of Political Economy (1821) Analysis of the Phenomena of the Human Mind A Fragment on Mackintosh (1835) | British philosopher, economist, and historian | ||||||
| James Ramsay MacDonald (1866-1937) | Parliament and Revolution (1920) Socialism: Critical and Constructive (1924) | British statesman | ||||||
| James Steuart Denham (1712-1780) | An Inquiry into the Principles of Political Eeconomy.(1767) The Principles of Money applied to the present state of the coin of Bengal (1772) | British statesman | ||||||
| James Tobin (1918-2002) | The Interest Elasticity of the Transactions Demand for Cash 1956 Liquidity Preference as Behavior Towards Risk, 1958 "Money and Economic Growth", 1965, "Life Cycle Saving and Balanced Growth", 1967 "The Consumption Function", 1968, "Raising the Incomes of the Poor" 1968 "Financial Globalization: Can National Currencies Survive?" 1999, "Inflation and Unemployment", 1972, "Friedman's Theoretical Framework", 1972 Portfolio theory | American economist President Kennedy's Council of Economic Advisers. Tobin was awarded the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences in 1981. | ||||||
| Jatakas | It Explains the Mahaveer's Life and his Thoughts | Indian Economics Thought and Philosophy | ||||||
| Jean Baptiste Say (1767-1832) | A Treatise on Political Economy (1803) Say's law of markets holds that supply creates its own demand. d'économie politique pratique (6 vol., 1828-29). | French economist | ||||||
| Jean Charles Léonard Sismondi (1773-1842) | History of the Italian Republics in the Middle Ages (16 vol., 1809-18) De la littérature du Midi de l'Europe (1813) Principes d'économie politique (1819) | Swiss historian, economist, and critic First historians to appreciate economic influence on cultural and political developments Sismondi popularized the laissez-faire economics of Adam Smith | ||||||
| Jean Paul Getty (December 15, 1892–June 6, 1976) | How to be Rich, a collection of Getty's essays. As I See It: The Autobiography of J. Paul Getty | American industrialist and founder of the Getty Oil Company. | ||||||
| Jean-Baptiste Colbert (August 29, 1619 - September 6, 1683) | Dutch War of 1672-78. Having thus introduced a measure of order and economy into the workings of the government Colbertism and Protectionism | French statesman founded the Academy of Sciences | ||||||
| Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832) | Principles of Morals and Legislation (1789) | English philosopher, jurist, political theorist, and founder of utilitarianism | ||||||
| Jerzy Neyman (1894-1981) | The American Statistician, Vol. 36, No. 3, Part 1 (Aug., 1982), pp. 161-162 (article consists of 2 pages) | American Statistician | ||||||
| Joan Violet Robinson (1903-1983) | The Economics of Imperfect Competition (1933) An Essay on Marxian Economics (1942) Accumulation of Capital (1956, 3d. ed. 1985) | British economist, b. Surrey, England. A socialist Analyzes the debates over monopolistic competition and microeconomic theory | ||||||
| Johan Gustav Knut Wicksell (1851-1926) | Value, Capital and Rent, 1893. "Pareto's Cours d'économie politique, I", 1897 "Marginal Productivity as the Basis for Economic Distribution", 1958 Lectures on Political Economy , two volumes, 1901-6. "The Influence of the Rate of Interest on Prices" , 1907 "Real Capital and Interest", 1923 | Economists | ||||||
| Johann Heinrich von Thünen (1783-1850) | De su magna obra: (1826) The Isolated State (1850) | German agriculturalist and economist | ||||||
| John Atkinson Hobson (1858-1940). | The Evolution of Modern Capitalism (1894) The Economics of Distribution (1900) The Economics of Unemployment (1922) Autobiographical Confessions of an Economic Heretic (1938). | English economist and journalist Hobson advocated partial socialization, and in Imperialism (1902) | ||||||
| John Bates Clark (1847-1938) | The Distribution of Wealth (1899) | American economist In 1885 he helped found the American Economic Association, serving as its president (1893-95) | ||||||
| John Davison Rockefeller (1839-1937) | Random Reminiscences of Men and Events (1909). | American industrialist and philanthropist He also founded (1892) the Univ. of Chicago | ||||||
| John Gray (1799-1850) | A Lecture on Human Happiness (1825) Social System (1831 | Economists | ||||||
| John Law (1671-1729) | Money and Trade Considered (1705) | Scottish financier in France, b. Edinburgh | ||||||
| John Locke (1632-1704) | The Reasonableness of Christianity (1695) | English philosopher, founder of British empiricism | ||||||
| John Maynard Keynes (1883–1946) | The General Theory of Employment, Interest, and Money (1936) Tract on Monetary Reform (1923) Treatise on Money (1930). | English economist and monetary expert Keynes was influential at Bretton Woods (1944) in the proposals for the establishment of a world bank to stimulate growth in underdeveloped areas. | ||||||
| John Neville Keynes, (1852-1949) | Studies and Exercises in Formal Logic, 1884. The Scope and Method of Political Economy, 1891.
| Son sus trabajos sobre historia, metodología y teoría económica, reconciliando las escuelas clásica y neoclásica lo que lo convierte en un precursor de los marshallianos de Cambridge | ||||||
| John Rae (1796-1872) | Some principles on the Subject of Political Economy (1834) | Economista, sociólogo | ||||||
| John Ramsay McCULOCH (1789-1864) | Principles of Political Economy (1825) On the Principles of Political Economy and Taxation The Literature of political Economy (1845) A Dictionary of Commerce and Commercial Navigation (1832) A Dictionary of the Various Countries, Places and Principal Natural Objects of the World An Essay on the Circunstances Which Determine the Rate of Wages (1826), | Economists | ||||||
| John Rawls (1921 - 2002) | Theory of Justice (1971) Political Liberalism (1993) The Law of the Peoples (1999) Collected Papers (1999) Lectures on the History of Moral Philosophy (2000), con Barbara Hermann Justice as Fairness: A Restatement (2001) | Economists | ||||||
| John R. Commons (1862-1945) | The Distribution of Wealth History of Labor in the United States , 4 vols (1918-35) | Indiana Economists | ||||||
| John Stuart Mill (20 May 1806 – 8 May 1873) | natural rights Principles of Political Economy Utilitarianism, 1863 A System of Logic, 1843 | British philosopher, political economist | ||||||
| Joseph Alois Schumpeter (1883-1950) | Theory of Economic Development (1911, in German; tr. 1934) Business Cycles (1939), Capitalism, Socialism, and Democracy (1942, 3d ed. 1950) History of Economic Analysis (1954) | Austrian-American Economists | ||||||
| Josiah Child ( 1630-1699) |
BriefObservations Concerning Trade and the Interest of Money (1668) Observations upon the United Provinces of Netherlands (1672) A New Discourse of Trade (1693)
| commerçant et économiste anglais | ||||||
| Jules Dupuit (1804-1866), | Tests and experiments on the circulation of cars and friction on the second case, 1837 "The principle of ownership - the right - useful", 1861 "The tax paid to teachers post by entrepreneurs from public cars" 1851, "On Liberty test", 1865 | Historical research engineer of the Ecole des ponts et chaussées | ||||||
| Karl Gunnar Myrdal (1898-1987) | The Cost of Living in Sweden, Asian Drama (3 vol., 1968) | Swedish economist, sociologist, and public official; husband of Alva Myrdal . He shared the 1974 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences. | ||||||
| Karl Gustav Cassel, (1866-1945) | Nature and Necessity of Interest (1903) Money and Foreign Exchange after 1914 (1922), Fundamental Thoughts on Economics (1925) On Quantitative Thinking in Economics (1935). | Swedish economist and authority on international monetary problems | ||||||
| Karl Johann Rodbertus (1805-75) | Overproduction and Crises (1850-51, tr. 1898). | German economist and conservative socialist | ||||||
| Karl Johann Kautsky , (1854-1938) | World War I (4 vol., 1919). The Economic Doctrines of Karl Marx (tr. 1925) Ethics and the Materialist Conception of History (tr. 1907) Bolshevism at a Deadlock (tr. 1931). | German-Austrian socialist, b. Prague. A leading figure in the effort to spread Marxist doctrine in Germany | ||||||
| Karl Knies ( 1821-1898) | Political Economy from the Standpoint of the Historical Method Statistics (1850) Money and Credit (1873) | German economist. historical school of economics. | ||||||
| Karl Marx (1818-1883) | The Poverty of Philosophy The German Ideology (tr. 1933) Communist Manifesto (1848) Das Kapital A History of Economic Theories, 1952). | German social philosopher, the chief theorist of modern socialism and communism Father of communism | ||||||
| Karl Pearson (1857-1936) | The Grammar of Science (1892), Chances of Death (2 vol., 1897) Bography of Francis Galton | English scientist. He studied law, taught geometry, and applied mathematics and mechanics He founded and edited Biometrika | ||||||
| Kautilya (350-275 BC) | Arthasastra | known as Vishnugupta and Chanakya, is traditionally ... the founder of the Maurya empire “ Way is Not Important only Victory” | ||||||
| Kenneth Ewart Boulding ( 1910– 1993) | 'A Reconstruction of Economics,' ' The Image' 'Ecodynamics | He developed his reputation as a well-admired social scientist and established a career as a distinguished professor of economics in the US and Canada. | ||||||
| lord mahaviera | Jatagas | India’s Saint Orinted Philosopher | ||||||
| Louis Jean Joseph Charles Blanc (October 29, 1811 – December 6, 1882) | The History of Ten Years, 1830-1840 (Vol. 1) (1841) | French politician and historian. | ||||||
| Louis von Neumann (1903-1957) | United States to produce and test (1952) Theory of Games and Economic Behavior (1944, rev. ed. 1953) Mathematical Foundations of Quantum Mechanics (1926, tr. 1955) Computer and the Brain (1958) Theory of Self-reproducing Automata (ed. by A. W. Burks, pub. posthumously, 1966). | American mathematician the world's first hydrogen bomb. With Oskar Morgernstern he wrote | ||||||
| Mahadev Govind Ranade (1842-1901) | An Essay to Indian Political Economy | Indian Economists | ||||||
| Manmohan Sinh, (sep-26-1932) | “India's Export Trends and Prospects for Self-Sustained Growth” [Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1964] was an early critique of India's inward-oriented trade policy. | In 1971, Dr. Singh joined the Government of India as Economic Advisor in the Commerce Ministry. Chief Economic Advisor in the Ministry of Finance in 1972 India’s Prime Minister Cum 1990’ India’s LPG Introducer | ||||||
| Marie Esprit Léon Walras (1834-1910) | He is widely regarded as the founder of the theory of general economic equilibrium, mathematical economics, the concept of "imperfect competition," and the marginal utility theory. A prolific and creative writer, Walras's work also extended to such themes as managed currency, production, credit, and capital formation. | French economist he became a free-lance journalist, advancing the causes of economic and social reform. | ||||||
| Martin Luther (1483-1546) | That a Christian Assembly or Congregation has the Right and Power to Judge All Teaching and to Call, Appoint, and Dismiss Teachers, Established and Proven by Scripture. The Bondage of the Will. Concerning the Ministry. A Sermon on Christian Love. Two Sermons Upon the Fifth Chapter of Luke. God So Loved the World: Two Sermons on John 3:16-21. | German leader of the Protestant Reformation | ||||||
| Max O. Lorenz | Lorenz curve in 1905 to describe income inequalities His doctorate (1906) was on 'The Economic Theory of Railroad Rates' | American economist | ||||||
| Michal Kalecki (1899-1970) | Mr Keynes's Predictions", 1932, An Essay on the Theory of the Business Cycle, 1933. Essays on Developing Economies, 1976. "A Macrodynamic Theory "A Theory of Commodity, Income and Capital Taxation", 1937 "The Principle of Increasing Risk", 1937 "A Theory of Profits", 1942, Studies in Economic Dynamics, 1943. "Class Struggle and the Distribution of National Income", 1971 business cycles (1935, 1937, 1939, 1943, 1954) | Mcroeconomics His work also incorporated several Classical and Marxian concepts, | ||||||
| Milton Friedman ( 31. Juli 1912 in Brooklyn, New York City; † 16. November 2006 in San Francisco) | History of the United States, A prolific writer, Friedman also wrote Capitalism and Freedom Politics and Tyranny (1985) Monetarist Economics (1991) | American economist, Friedman was influential in helping to revive the monetarist school of economic thought He won the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences in 1976 and was an adviser to the Reagan administration in the 1980s | ||||||
| Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (1869-1948) | Satya Sothanai Useful Plan (1941) Completely Sudeshi(1938) | Father Of India | ||||||
| Nassau William Senior (1790-1864) | Outline of the Science of Political Economy (1836) | English economist. | ||||||
| Nicholas Kaldor (1908-1986) | Theory of equilibrium (1934), The firm (1934, 1935) Capital (1939 the famous "compensation" criteria for welfare comparisons (1939). | Foremost Cambridge economists Particularly, welfare economics, where he developed | ||||||
| Nikolaus Oresmius Nicole d Oresme (1320-1382) | "Tractie des Monnaies" "festen Münze" forderten. Nach der Gefangennahme des Königs (1356) | Geborene Gelehrte, Philosoph, Theologe, Mathematiker, | ||||||
| Paul Anthony Samuelson ( 1915) | Foundations of Economic Analysis (1947, enl. ed. 1983), Collected Scientific Papers | American economist Samuelson received the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences on behalf of his efforts to "raise the level of scientific analysis in economic theory." | ||||||
| Paul Howard Douglas (1892-1976) | "The Cobb-Douglas Production Function Once Again: Its history, its testing and some empirical values", 1976 Theory of Wages (1934). The Problem of Labor Turnover", 1918 "Rejoinder", 1920 "The Movement of Real Wages, 1890-1918" | Columbia students that followed Henry L. Moore testing of various concepts in Neoclassical theory | ||||||
| Percival Chubb, Leader, ( 1912-1933) | In 1883, he founded "The Fellowship of the New Life," | Leader of the Ethical Society of St. Louis in 1911.
| ||||||
| Piero Sraffa (1898-1983) | On the Relation Between Costs and Quantity Produced The Laws of Returns under Competitive Conditions, 1926 Increasing Returns and the Representative Firm, 1930, Production of Commodities by Means of Commodities: Prelude to a critique of economic theory, 1960 | One of the economic giants of the century, Piero Sraffa was at the same time one of the sparest writers of economics famous 1930 Symposium on his work | ||||||
| Pierre Samuel Dupont de Nemours (Sept. 14,1739-Aug. 7-1817) | Of the Exportation and Importation of Grains (1763) Physiocracy (1767) Of the Origin and the Progress of a New Science (1767) | The French political economist | ||||||
| Pierre-Joseph Proudhon (1809-1865) | What is Property?, 1840 De la capacité politique des classes ouvrières, 1865 System of Economical Contradictions or The Philosophy of Misery, 1846 | French socialist-anarchist. | ||||||
| Plato (428–348 B.C.) | The Republic The Statesman The Laws | Leading Greek philosopher | ||||||
| Ralph G. Hawtrey, (1879-1971) | Good and Bad Trade, 1913. Currency and Credit, 1919. Monetary Reconstruction, 1922. The Art of Central Banking, 1932. The Gold Standard in Theory and Practice, 1933. Capital and Employment, 1937. Economic Destiny, 1944. "Keynes and Supply Functions", 1956. Trade Depression and the Way Out The Lessons of Monetary Experience. | Ralph Hawtrey has been considered a Marshallian economist monetary theory of business cycles. | ||||||
| Rig Veda. | India's Very old Spitual Book it includes 1033 songs | India’s Holy book | ||||||
| Robert Owen (14 May 1771, Newtown, Montgomeryshire, Wales – 17 November 1858) | 1813. A New View Of Society, Essays on the Formation of Human Character 1815. Observations on the Effect of the Manufacturing System 1819. An Address to the Master Manufacturers of Great Britain | Welsh social reformer and one of the founders of socialism and the cooperative movement. Owen's philosophy | ||||||
| Romesh Chunder Dutt, CIE (Calcutta August 13, 1848 — Baroda November 30, 1909). | Indian History Indian Famines | C. Dutt, was a Bengali writer, civil servant, economic historian, and translator of Ramayana and Mahabharata. He was president of the Indian National Congress in 1899. | ||||||
| Ronald Harry Coas (born December 29, 1910). | "The Nature of the Firm" (1937) "The Problem of Social Cost" (1960) Federal Communications Commission" (1959) The Nature of the Firm | He received the Nobel Prize in Economics in 1991 | ||||||
| Rosa Luxemburg (1871-1919) | he Industrial Development of Poland. Between the years 1892 and 1919 Evolutionary Socialism (1898). The Junius Pamphlet' (1916) | German revolutionary leader, journalist, and socialist theorist | ||||||
| Saint-Simon (1760-1825) | The new Christianity] (1825) | French social philosopher | ||||||
| Sama veda. | India's Holy & Economic Thought | India’s Philosophy Book | ||||||
| Sidney James Webb (1859-1947) | Facts for Socialists, 1887. Problems of Modern Industry, 1898. | Founder of Londan School of Economis Socialistic Economists | ||||||
| Simon Kuznets (1901 - 1985) | "Retardation of Industrial Growth", 1929, . Secular Movements in Production and Prices, 1930. "Equilibrium Economics and Business Cycle Theory", 1930, QJE. "Static and Dynamic Economics", 1930, . "Relation Between Capital Goods and Finished Products in the Business Cycle", 1934, in Economic Essays in Honor of W.C.Mitchell. "Schumpeter's Business Cycles", 1940, AER. National Product Since 1869, 1946. "Foreign Economic Relations of the United States and the Impact upon the Domestic Economy: Review of long term trends", 1948, Boletin Banco Central de Venezuela. "Economic Growth and Income Inequality", 1955, AER. "Quantitative Aspects of the Economic Growth of Nations", 1963, Economic Growth and Structure: Selected essays, 1965. "Modern Economic Growth: Findings and reflections", 1973, AER. | American Econoimists | ||||||
| Sir Dennis H. Robertson (1890-1963) | A Study of Industrial Fluctuations, 1915. "Economic Incentive", 1921, Economica. * Money, 1922. The Control of Industry, 1923. "Those Empty Boxes", 1924, EJ. Banking Policy and the Price Level, 1926. "Increasing Returns and the Representative Firm", 1930, EJ. "Saving and Hoarding", 1933, EJ. "Some Notes on Mr Keynes's "General Theory of Employment"", 1936, QJE. "Alternative Theories of the Rate of Interest", 1937, EJ. "Mr Keynes and Finance: A note", 1938, EJ. Essays in Monetary Theory, 1940. "Wage Grumbles", 1949 en Readings | English Economists | ||||||
| Sir John R. Hicks (1904-1989) | Value and Capital (1939) Value and Capital (1939) | British economist, grad. Balliol College, Oxford, 1931. Interrelationships among Economic markets 1972 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences. His most important book is Value and Capital (1939) | ||||||
| Sir Robert Giffen (1837-1910) | Finance (1879 and 1884) The Progress of the Working Classes (1884) The Growth ofCapital (1890) Economic Inquiries and Studies (1904) | Giffen Paradox
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| Sir William Petty (May 26,1623- Dec. 16-1687) | Treatise of Taxes and Contributions (1662) Political Arithmetic (1678) | English statistician and physician | ||||||
| Saint Thomas Aquinas ( 1225-74,) | Principle of philosophy | Italian philosopher and theologian | ||||||
| Thiruvalluvar ( 2 BC and 8 AD) | Thirukkural | India’s Saint | ||||||
| Thomas Gresham (1519-1579) | Gresham's law bad money drives out good | English merchant and financier | ||||||
| Thomas Mun (1571-1641) | Treasure by Foreign Trade (written 1630; pub. 1664) The Growth of British Economic Thought (1937) | English writer on economics | ||||||
| Thomas Robert Malthus (1766-1834). | An Essay on the Principle of Population (1798, rev. ed. 1803) Principles of Political Economy (1820) Moral restraint | English economist, sociologist, and pioneer in modern population study | ||||||
| Thorstein Veblen (1857-1929) | conspicuous consumption. The Theory of the Leisure Class (1899) The Theory of Business Enterprise (1904) The Engineers and the Price System (1921) | American economist and social critic He also translated The Laxdoela Saga (1925) from the Icelandic. Essays in Our Changing Order was published in 1934 | ||||||
| Tibor de Scitovsky, (November 3, 1910 – June 1, 2002) | "A Study of Interest and Capital", 1940 "A Note on Welfare Propositions in Economics", 1941, "Capital Accumulation, Employment and Price Rigidity", 1941 Economic Theory and Western European Integration, 1958. Money and the Balance of Payments, 1969. "Market Power and Inflation", 1978, "Human Desire and Economic Satisfaction", 1985 | American economist who was best known for his writing on the nature of people's happiness in relation to consumption | ||||||
| Upanishads | It includes Indian Law's and Deciplenary Aproaches | India’s Holy Book | ||||||
| Vedas. | Ancient Indian Holy & Siprtual Book. It Explained human Nature & God Graces | India’s Holy Book | ||||||
| Vilfredo Pareto (1848-1923) | Trattato di sociologia generale (1916) Mind and Society (4 vol., 1935). | Italian economist and sociologist | ||||||
| Vladimir Lenin (1870-1924) | Lenin launched the New Economic Policy (NEP) | Russian revolutionary, the founder of Bolshevism and the major force behind the Revolution of Oct., 1917 | ||||||
| Walter Dill Scott (1869-1955) | The Psychology of Advertising in Theory and Practice in 1903. In 1908 | first applied psychologists | ||||||
| Wassily Leontief , (1906-1999) | Chinese government (1929) | American economist development of the input-output method of economic analysis He was awarded (1973) the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences. | ||||||
| Werner Sombart (1863-1941) | A New Social Philosophy, 1937 Der moderne Kapitalismus Der Bourgeois (1913, tr. The Quintessence of Capitalism, 1915) A New Social Philosophy, 1937 | German economist | ||||||
| Wesley Clair Mitchell, (1874-1948) | Business Cycles (1913, 2d ed. 1927) A History of the Greenbacks (1903) The Backward Art of Spending Money (1937) | American economist | ||||||
| Wilhelm G.F. Roscher, 21. Oktober 1817 in Hannover; 4. June 1894 | De historicae doctrinae apud sophistas majores vestigiis, 1838. Leben, Werk und Zeitalter des Thukydides, 1842. Grundriß zu Vorlesungen über die Staatswirthschaft. Nach geschichtlicher Methode, 1843. Zur Lehre von den Absatzkrisen, 1849; modifiziert 1861 System der Volkswirthschaft, 5 Bände, 1854ff. Geschichte der Nationaloekonomik in Deutschland, 1874 Geistliche Gedanken eines Nationalökonomen, 1896 | Historical School Economists | ||||||
| Wilhelm Lexis (July 17, 1837, Eschweiler – October 25, 1914, Göttingen) | General economics book (1910) Law and Economics consumption and crises | German statistician, economist, and social scientist and a founder of the interdisciplinary study of insurance. | ||||||
| Wilhelm Ropke (1899-1966) | A Humane Economy (1960) Economics of a Free Society | Austrian School of economics. | ||||||
| William Stanley Jevons (September 1, 1835 - August 13, 1882) | The Theory of Political Economy (1871) General Mathematical Theory of Political Economy in 1862 A Serious Fall in the Value of Gold in 1863. The Coal Question (1865) Principles of Science (1874) The State in Relation to Labour (1882). | English economist and logician, was born in Liverpool outlining the marginal utility theory of value logic and scientific methods
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| William Thompson (1785-1833) | An Inquiry into the Principles of the Distribution of Wealth Most Conducive to Human Happiness (1824) An Appeal of One Hall the Human Race (1825) Labour Rewarded...or How to Secure to Labour the Whole Product of its Exertion (1827) Practical Directions for...Communities on the Principles of Mutual Co-operation (1830.)
| Ireland Economists Thompson agreed Bentham's " greatest happiness of the greatest number" | ||||||
| Xenophon ( 431 – 355 BC) | Anabasis Cyropaedia(The Education of Cyrus) Hellenica Memorabilia(Recollections, Memoirs etc) Oeconomicus(Household management and farming) Symposium(To drink together) Apology On Horsemanship(350 BC) | son of Gryllus, of the deme Erchia of Athens, was a soldier, mercenary and a contemporary and admirer of Socrates. He is known for his writings on the history of his own times, the sayings of Socrates, and the life of Greece Greek writer | ||||||
| yajur veda | India's vedams | India’s Holy Book | ||||||
| Basileios Zacharias (1849-10-06) | “merchant of death “mystery man of Europe.” | International armaments dealer and financiers Greek arms trader and financier, the director and chairman of the Vickers munitions firm during World War I. | ||||||
Sunday, August 10, 2008
Economics $ Economists
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